Knob-lock.



W. A. HILL. KNOB LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 28. 1908.

965,519. Patented July 26, 1910.

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KNOB LOOK.

APPLICATION IILED MAY 28, 1 908.

Patented July 26, 1910.

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KNOB LOOK.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 23. 190B.

Patented July 26, 1910.

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Patented July 26, 1910.

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KNOB LOOK.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2a. 1908.

965,519., Patented July 26, 1910.

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965,519. Specification of Letters Patent. fPatented July 26, 1910,

' Application filed May 28, 1908 Serial N 0. 435,539.

To all whomeit may concern. vented. Fig. 8 represents an end View of Be 1t knownthat I, Wmrom) A. L, of the outer knob shank. Fig. 9 represents a Waltham, in the county of Middlesex and plan view of a partof the'lock, showing the I State of Massachusetts, have invented 'cerbolt thereof projected. Fig-10 represents a 5 tain new and useful Improvements in Knobsectional plan View of the knob shanks and Looks,- of which the following is a specificathe inner end of the bolt. Fig. 11 represents tion. anelevation of the bolt and the associated This invention relates to door-locks of the devices, removed from the lock, showing the general character of that illustrated in patrelation of. the key-operated actuator to the 10 ent granted to me May 18, 1897, and numinner knob shank. Fig. 12 represents a secbered 582,917, in which a single member acts tional elevation illustrating the position of both as a. latch anda locking bolt, and is opthe parts when the bolt is retracted by a key. erated by two knob shanks, one of which Fig. 13 represents a partial plan View of the may be made inoperative so that the lock outer knob shank and bolt when in this po- 5 cannot be operated thereby. sition. Fig. 14 represents a vertical section The present invention has for its most imof the bolt casing and an elevation of the portant object to enable the bolt to be posibolt. Fig. 15 represents a plan view of the tively locked when it is projected, so that it bolt and outer knob shank, showing the ponot only cannot be retracted by manipulasition of the bolt detent and the controlling 2() tion of the outer knob or handle, but also shield therefor after the bolt has been with- 4 cannot be retracted by any force applied to drawn by a key and re-projected. Fig. 16 its projecting outer end. represents a perspective view of the sliding Another object is to enable the locking plate which serves as a detent arrester. Fig. bolt: to act as a latch, that is, to be retracted 17 represents a sectional plan view of the 25 by engagement withthe door jamb when the bolt and detent in the position they occupy .door is vbein closed, and then to be autoafter thedoor has been closed. Fig. 18 repmatically loc ed as soon as it has been reresents an elevation, partly'in section, of the I projected into the socket in the jamb so that bolt alone. Fig. 19 represents a sectional no means exceptthe inner knob ora key inview of the spring-actuated slide carried by v 0 serted from the outside of the door will serve the bolt by which the same is projected.

to Withdraw it from the socket. Fig. 20 represents a cross-sectional View of Still another object is to provide a lock the bolt. Fig; 21 represents a perspective which cannot be picked. View of the inner end of the bolt casing, In accomplishing the objects above deshowing the relation thereto of the detent 35 fined, I have made use of the elements and which prevents rotation of the outer shank devised the novel combination illustrated in and retraction of the bolt. Fig. 22 reprethe'drawings and hereinafter more particl'rsents a partial elevation of the outer face larly recited in" the following specification plate and knob or handle. Fig. 23'repreand claims. 1 sents an elevation of the retainer by which 40 Of the d rawings,.Figure 1 represents a the inner knob shank is held in either of its vertical section of part of a" door and the two positions. Fig. 24. represents a longitulock constituting the subject of this invendinal sectional view of a selective key-opera tion, taken through the axial line of the ated device for the lock. Fig. 25 represents knob shanks. Fig. 2 represents a sectional a sectional view of the same on a' plane at 45 plan'of the look, a part of the door, and the right angles to that of Fig. 24. Fig. 26 rep- 10o lock case being shown in section. Fig. 3 represents an elevation of members of this lock resents a plan view of part of the lock, showin connection with the key by whlch they are ing the inner knob shank in a diflerent'posioperated. Fig. 27 represents a plan View of tion. Fi n- 4 represents a perspective view the same parts. Fig. 28 represents a r1ght- 50 of an en of the inner kno represents an elevation, and ig. Gre'presents sents, a. left-hand elevation o the same. a plan view of the same. Fig. represents a Fig. 30 represents a sectional view of the sectional view of the outer knob or handle inner end of the device on. an enlarged scale.

shank, showing a part of a lock and the de- Fig. 31 represents a side elevation of a key 55 'vice'by which picking of the lock is preused in connection with this form of.lock. 110

shank. Fig. 5 hand elevation of Fig. 24. Fi 29 repre- Fig. 32 represents an edge View of the key. Fig. 33 represents a longitudinal section on line 33-33 of Fig. 30., Figs. 34 and represent developments of the device in which the casing thereof is represented as being in yond' the edge of the door and has a beveled That part of the inner on .the arc ofa casing 13'which is surface 7 at one side which strikes against the edge of the door j amb and serves automatically to retract the bolt when the door is closed. This surface enables the bolt to act as a latch. The form of'the bolt can best be seen in Figs. 17 and 18. It has a frame-like structure with an opening 8 in its interior, which. receives the end of the inner knob shank 2 and has a surface 9 at the rear end against which the knob shank abuts, and by engagament with which it serves when turned, to draw the bolt inward. knob shank which projects through the opening 8 of the bolt consists of two. bars or prongs 10 1-1 which are eccentric of the shank,-and which are beveled sozthat only their outermost edges bear against the surface 9.' By reference to Figs. 12 and 14 it will be understood that rotation of the knob shank in right-handed rotation as viewed in these figures, serves to move the edge of projection 11 along the surface 8, While beingat the same time carried circle toward the 'right, so that the bolt is'thereby retracted.

The knob shanks are contained in a cylindrical casingt12 which passes transversely through the door from front to rear, while the bolt is contained in another cylindrical inserted fromthe edge of the door and passes through a hole 14 in the casing 12. A shoulder 15 on the outer end of the cas ng 13 limits the movement of the latter into the door and causes the two cas-.

ings when assembled to occupy a position in which the inner shank correctly engages with the bolt. It will be noted that this construction, of containing all the parts in two cylinders intersecting each other, makes mounting the lock. in a door as simple as poss ble, and ehmmates to a great extent theposs1b1l 1ty ofmaking mistakes, for all that the workman needs to do is to bore one hole 16 in from the edge of the door, and another hole 17 at right angles thereto from one side to the other of the door.

The outer knob shank is separate from the bolt.

'26 which is contained in the opening 8 be inner shank, and may be connected thereto and disconnected therefrom at will, the inner shank being mounted for this purpose withcapability of longitudinal movement. When the inner shank is drawn out into the position shown in Fig. 2, it is disconnected from the outer shank, but when moved into the position shown in Fig. 3, it is connected therewith. This connection is made by means of studs 18 and 19 on the ends of the bars 10 and,11, which studs, when the inner shank is in the position of Fig. 3, engage the rear side of a yoke 20 which is carried by the outer shank. This yoke consists of a cross bar which is joined .to the outer ends of rods 21 21 cohtained in longitudinal sockets in the outer shank. Springs 23 (Fig. 7) bear on the'ends of the rods and tend to press the yoke outward from the end of the shank. When thus pressed outward, the ends of the yoke enter notches 24 25 (Figs. 7 and 21) in the adjacent side of the bolt casing 13, the walls of. which notches constitute abutments that prevent the shank 4 and handle 5 from being turned. WVhen the inner shank 2 is placed in its outer position, it leaves the yoke free to be pressed into these slots, but when it is moved into its inner position, the ends of the bars 10 and 11 engage the yoke and push it back out of the notches. Then the outer handle is free to be turned, and in turning, it turns the in- .ner shank, by abutment of the yoke against the projection 19,- and so serves to retract the On the latter there is a sliding block tween the sides 2728 of the latter, and is retained by plates which form the sides of this block, and the edges of which embrace the members 27 28. A spring 29 is contained in a sleeve 30-of the block 26 and also in a sleeve 31 which telescopes into the sleeve 30 and bears against a shoulder 32 near the outer end of the bolt. The spring presses sleeve 31 against thisshoulder and reacts through the block 26 against the inner I shank arms 10 11, thus serving to project the bolt. It will, be seen that the outward movement of the bolt is effected'by a spring automatically, that the inner knob shank serves as a bolt actuator which is operative at all times to retract the bolt whenever it is turned, and that the outer shank is operative to retract the bolt only when the inner shank is in its inmost position and engaged therewith, as's hown in Fig. 3, being inoperative andlocked against rotation at all other times. The inner shank is'held in either of its positions by the finger 33 (Fig. 23) which is mounted on a lever 34 and is adapted to enter either of the grooves 35 or 36 formed around the periphery of the shank 2,

This lever is pivoted to the plate 37 of the One ofthe important features of the intermed h Projection extending laterally vention is the provision of means, such as from the slde of the pp methber 27 of h d t t hi h prevents h retraction f bolt, and that the wing 43 hes under this the bolt by pressure applied to' its projectehehlder- 1 The Plate 42 has p y ing,end when the same is contained in the Q g 47 and 48 which embreeethe P 7 0 socket of the door jamb, but which is disof the belt to gulde the P s and arms abled so as to permit the bolt to be retracted and 50 which are carried e y inthe manner of a latch ,When the door is from the Plate and embrace the Shdihg' b i closed, and i caused to become Oper block 26. These arms have offset extensions ative to lock the bojt'when the same h 51, 52 which termlnatenear the center line 75 been c into its Socket, The 1 k of'the bolt and have notches 53 in their ends. ing device for the bolt consists of a rib 38 t the reer/ehthe e e p h e sheul' on theyoke which is adapted to lie bee 54: 55 Whleh h 111 front of P 56 57 q hind a shoulder 39 on the bolt when the yoke earned y the g block d are i 15 is projected into the notches 24 and 25. In gaged by these P when thebloek 1s moved position, yoke erves as a fOIWtI'd. Wlle the block 18 thus mOVed, which is itself prevented from turning by the P engage the shoulders of the Plate the sides of the notches, and a part of which hd r h Same forwardly, h we lies in the path of the shoulder 39 to ob- 1h g- 12, hhtll h hg 43 Ver1el3s the stru t the same and prevent inward m0 e Shoulder 39. The is then Operative as a ment of the bolt. The walls of the notches hitch so that it can be retracted l? t then serve as stationary abutments which g the g fi e deer l llhtll enable the yoke to serve as a positive rigid teht-restl'elhlhg Wlhg Etgelh pe e detent. Whenever the bolt is retracted by from the shoulder Thls sepel'etleh 1S 25 turning the inner k shank, the detent is effected at the same time that the bolt is re.-

displaced from its operative position by a treeted h closing t 1 y a trigger cam projection 40 carried by the sliding P deVlee 58 Whleh mounted so e to block 26. This projection extends from the ph l from the edge of the door: belhg T lower side of the block and has an inclined P. fl in e recess 59 in the 30 surface, as shown in Figs. 13a'nd 15,.which' h of the belt- When S0 mounted, it p 9- engages a Surface 41 on th lower d f ects beyond the beveled surface 7. This the yoke '20 (Figs. 7 and 21). This block, h gg f 1e eehheeted Wlth a 60 W n h as previously stated, is-held against the prosh through the b h Into a 9 1 j ti 10 d l of th h k 2 d h which forms a continuation of the opening 8 the latter is turned so as to draw the bolt i the bolt- This Ted carries a P 62 Of inward, the lower projection bears against Whleh the h R J transversely from the block and moves it at the same time in the red so to ehgeae the e 51 52 0f the opposite 'directiomas shown in Fig. 12. the arms fi n a r m the plate 42. Thi movement causes th cam 401-, id on Whenever the trigger is pushed into the re- 40 the surface 41 of the detent .yoke and-push eess h ends 9 t c P enter the hOtCheS the same back into .the outer shank and out 53 and b egelhet the arm e Q of the way-of the'shoulder 39 so that it does l g the Plate back to move e g not interfere with the movement of the 43 clear of the 81101116161] latter. Thus the detent opposes no resist- From the felegelhg 1t W111 be'llhdelstood 45 ance to the retraction of the-bolt when the that whenever the belt has been hetreeteda knob shank is turned, although it Will 5081- by i g the 1 0 1 by y tively prevent any inward movement of the Inserted e the eutslde, es h be P bolt independently of the shank. After the e y decnbeda the belt de rendered bolt has once been Withdrawn by the shank, lnoperatlve, so th the bolt becomes a 50 the detent is held ut'of the way of the pr g a w w canberetracted y pr 115 h uld b lidi l te 42 "(Fi 16) sure on its outer end, and is thereby enabled hi h h a l t all j ti i 43 to ITIOVG bZLCk' and slip nto a socket auto- Thi l t j t d'i th b lt i th matically when the door is closed, and with. nor best shown in Fig. 18, being laid alo out requiring the bolt to be drawn back by 55 the under side of the member 27 of the bolt, llr ng he knob. At the same time that and held against the same by a stud 44 p the bolt is retracted, by striking the edge 1 th h a 1 t.45 f h l t d a of'the socket,- however,the trigger 58 is spring 46" earin against the under side of retracted to a greater extent, for it has the plate. The s otallows the plate to move not only as great a movement as that of the 60 endwise so that its wing 43 may alternately bolt, but also an additional movement suiiiver ap the h ulder 39, as shown in Figs. cient to bring the most protuberant part of 13 and 15, and be separatedtherefrom by a its outer edge flush with the surface 7 of the distance sufliciently great to admit the delatch, as shown in Fig. 17. Thereby at the tent rib 38, asshown in Figs, 2, 3, 9 and 17. same time that the shoulder 39 is being 65 It should be noted that the shoulder'39is carried rearwardly past the rib 38 of the detent, the wing 43 is being moved more rapidly to open the detent-receiving space in rear'of the shoulder 39.. The parts are roportioned and the shape of the cam suraces on the latch and trigger so designed that the, space between the wing and shoulder is not opened widely enough to admit the rib 38 until the shoulder 39 has passed beyond themforward edge of the rib. However, beforeithe latch is wholly past the edge of the jamb socket, the space between the wing and shoulder is sufliciently opened so that as soon as the bolt has projected into the socket, the detent will slip into its looking position, and will prevent anyone from opening the door by inserting a tool between the door and jamb and working the latch out of the socket.

-It is to be noted that there is a second shoulder 63 on the opposite side of the bolt from the shoulder 39, a wing 64 on the/opposite side of plate 42, and a cam 65 opposite to the cam 40' on the sliding block 26. These shoulders, wings and cams are duplicatcs of each other and are arranged in pairs, as shown, but only one set is operative at the same time. Duplicate members are provided in order that the latch may be placed with its beveled surface turned toward either side of the door desired, and thus the same look may be applied without change, to a door swinging in either direction from the wall. In case the lock were to be applied to a door swinging in the opposite direction about its hinges from that in which it is adapted to swing with the arrangement here illustrated, the bolt casing 13 would be turned through a semi-rotation so that the beveled surface is toward the opposite side of the door from that shown in Fig. 2. The shoulder 63, wing 64 and cam 65 will then be operative lnstead of the shoulder 39,

43 and cam 40, but otherwise the action of the lock will be precisely the same as previously described. It has been previously stated that when the knob shanks are disconnected, the outer,

shank is locked so that the handle cannot be turned, and in this condition the door can only be opened by means of afkey. I have provided as a part of this invention, a

device by which a key may be enabled tooperatefthe lock, which will at the same time respond only to the proper key, and will make picking .of the lock absolutely rmpossible. The key-operated member which alone is operative. to actuate the lock is a bar 66 which is mounted so as to be longitudinally movable in the outer shank 4. This bar carries on its inner end fingers or blades 67 68, the former of which 1s mounted edgewise so that 'it can enter a slot 69 in the arm 11 of the knob shank 2 in front of the projection 19, while the finger 68 is arranged flatwise to give it Sufficient stiffness, and is arranged to lie behind the projection 18. Ordinarily the bar 66 is retracted so that the fingers do not engage the knob shank 2 when the latter is in its outer position. shown in Fig. 2, but when a key is inserted, the bar 66 is pushed inward to engage the fingers with the projec tions 18 and 19 of the inner shank. Then when the key is rotated, thesefingers cause the shank 2 to turn and operate the lock in the manner already described. In order to make the lock selective, and prevent it being turned by any but the proper key, I provide in addition to the bar 66, a number of other bars, denoted by 70 71 and 72, respectively, which lie in contact with the bar 66 so that the latter cannot be turned without moving the others. These bars have flat abutting surfaces, but are externally cylindrical, and together form a complete cylinder which is contained in a tubular casing 73 mounted in the shank 1. This casing is secured in the shank by means, not shown, so that it cannot be itself turned, and it has longitudinal slots or grooves into which project studs on the bars so that-they cannot be turned Within the casinguntil they are longitudinally moved into certain positions.

The longitudinal slots are represented by 74:

75 76 and 7.7 on Figs. 34 and 35, which rep resent a development of the casing, and the projections on the bars slots are designated by 78,. there being one on each bar contained in one of the longitudinal slots. These projections are preferably the heads of screws which are threaded into the outer sides .ofthe bars. Inter which enter these secting the longitudinal slots are transverse slots 79 80 81 and 82, respectively, which permit" the bars to be rotated within the casing when they have been moved longitudinally farenough to bring their studs opposite the respective transverse slots. For

so moving the bars, I provide a key 83 of the general character illustrated in Figs; 26,

31 and 32, andhaving shoulders 84, 85 and j 86,'one of these shoulders being the end of the key, to engage the several bars. As will be seen froInFig. 34, which represents the position of the bars when they are retracted, the one designatedby 72 is normally held so that its stud is opposite to the trans verse slot 81, but the studs on the other bars are at varying distances from the transverse slots which respectively receive them, that on the bar 66 beingat the greatest distance from its slot '79. It is this bar which 1s engaged by the end shoulder 84 of the key, while the other shoulders 85 and 86 are at dlstances from the end corresponding to the spacing between the slots andthe be passed. The members: of this block have grooves 90 91 which receive screws 92 93 set inwardly from the casing. The screws prevent removalr of the block and rotation of the key until the latter has been moved far enough to bring the notches 94. 95 in its opposite edges opposite these screws' Anvf greater insertion of the key is prevented .by a shoulder 96 which abuts against the ends of the'block. When the key is thus fully inserted, its shoulders'engage the bars 66 70 and 72 and move them until their lateral projectionsare beside the respective transverse slots. When theyhave been thus far moved, the fingers 67 68 on the bar 66 are engaged with the inner knob shank and can than be turned by'the key to operate the b0 t.

The bars are contained in their innermost position abutting against the block 87 87,

by means of springs 97 which are set into longitudinal grooves 98 in the outer surfaces of the bars. At their inner ends these springs abut against the ends of the groove, while their outer ends abut against ears 99 which are turned inwardly from a ring 100' contained in the end of 73. As shown in Fig. 30, this ring is incomplete, and has an opening 101 at one side which enables it tobe contracted in diameter so that lugs 102 which project outwardly the tubular casing from one edge can be slipped into the end of the sleeve or casing 73.

the sleeve 100 causes it to expand when the ugs arrive at slot 103 in the casing 7 3, thereby moving these lugs into the slots. The sleeve 100 is thus prevented from being forced out of the casing, while it is enabled to turn as far as necessaryfor operating the lock. When the bars are fully retracted by the springs 97, a pin 104 on the bar 66 enters a socketin the block 87 and maintains the bars and block in such slot 89 in the latter will guide the key into correct engagement with the bars. Preferably the bars are four in'number and are formed as quadrants of a cylinder, their dividing surfaces being in rectangular axial planes, and there is a recess 105 formed partially in eachof the segmental bars. The shoulderson the key are formed so that each will engage only its appointedvbar, by cutting away the "under part and side of the key. Thus, at the end of the key the portion below its center line is cut away,-and also half the width of the key is removed, leaving the end shoulder 84 of such a width that it w'll be wholly contained in that portion of th recess 105 which is formed in the bar 66, while the metal below the shoulder 85 is cut away at the side of the key so that this shoulder will engage only the bar 70,

and will move past the bar 71. By reason also of the fact that the key is halfcut away The resiliency of a position that the enabled to move past the bar 71 and operate only the bar72. It is only the bar 66 which is actually operative to control the lock, the others being inserted to prevent operation by any but the proper key, and to prevent 7o picking of the look. 'A great number of locks may be provided for by differences in the positions of the transverse slots and studs 78, each such difi'erence requlrmg a corresponding change in location in one or more of the shoulders on the key. Even a slight difference will prevent one key from operating another look. Althou h n the arrangement illustrated the bar 1 is not moved lon itudinally, it is obvious that the so necessity for making this'b'ar move also might be provided "for, -in which case a fourth shoulder on the key for operating the same would need ing of the lock is rendered impossible, because of the fact that several barsare provided, and thateach must be moved longitudinally to a certain definite positlon be fore any can be turned. It is not essential that the bars should be segmental or that a recess 105 should be formed in theirends,

to be provided. Pickbut the essence of the invention is found in any structure where a number of bars are fitted together in a casing wherein they can only turn in unison, and in which. they must t be moved various. longitudinal distances before they can turn at all.

Attention has already been called to the fact that the bar 71 need not be longitudinally moved as a preliminary to operating the look. It should be noted,,however, that the bar is capable of longitudinal movement exactly as are the others, and; that th1s capability of movement gives an additional safeguard against picking the lock, for, if it should be moved v at all, the lock actuator could not be turned, even though all the other bars were in their proper longitudinal positions with respect tofthe transverse slots of thecasing 73. That is, 'before the lock can be key operated, three of the bars must be moved longitudinally by various amounts, and one of the bars must not be moved at all, and therefore a pick-lock not knowing the combination, would find it practically impossible to determlne which of the bars must not be. moved, in addition to finding out how far each of the other bars must be severally advanced. There 1SI1O Way of trying each bar separately, for any one of the bars in looking position locks them all, so that none can be turned unt l a lare simultaneously in the proper position and turned together.

I claim 1. A door-lock comprising a retractable bolt, inner and outer knob shanks, of which the inner is engaged at all-times with said bolt so that it may retract the same and 1s detachably engageable with the outer, and 139 means associated with said outer shank and operative when the shanks are disengaged for preventing retraction of the bolt.

2. A door-lock comprising inner and outer :knob shanks, a spring-projected bolt con- 'nected with said inner knob so that it may its projecting end, when said knob shanks are disengaged from one another.

4. A combined door-lock comprising a sliding latch-bolt having a face shaped to cause its withdrawal upon striking a door Ija'mb, a detent within the lock adapted to engage said bolt and prevent its withdrawal, means for holding said detent out of locking position, and a trigger carried by said bolt adapted to disable said detent-holding means, said trigger being itself independent of said detent.

5. A combined door-lock comprisin a sliding latch-bolt, having a face shape to cause its withdrawal upon striking a door jamb, a detent within the lock arranged to engage a shoulder of said bolt to prevent retraction thereof by pressure externally applied, and a shield member mounted upon said bolt and movable thereon, said shield having portions arranged to hold said detent out of engagement with said shoulder when in one position, and to permit such engagement when in another position, said shield being-held so as to remain in either of its positions.

6. A combined door-lock comprising a sliding latch-bolt, having a face shaped to cause its withdrawal upon striking a door jamb, a detent within the lock arranged to engage a shoulder of said bolt to prevent retraction thereof by pressure externally ap plied, a shield mounted on and being movable relatively to said bolt, and being constructed and arranged to remain in any of its positions for retaining said detent out of engagement with said shoulder, a ,trigger arranged to' be actuated upon striking the door-jamb for displacing said shield and permitting operation of the detent, a bolt retractor, and means operated by said retractor for placing the abling position.

7. A combined door-lock, comprising a shield in detent-dis latch-bolt, having a face shaped to cause its withdrawal upon striking a door jamb, a .detent within the lock arranged to engage and obstruct the inward movement of said I bolt, a bolt retractor, and a slide mounted to travel on said bolt, operated by said retractor simultaneously with and oppositely to the movement of the bolt, and constructed to disable said detent when thus operated.

8. A combined door-lock and latch, including a sliding bolt having a beveled face whereby it may be retracted by striking the edge of a latch socket, a shoulder on said bolt, a detent beside said shoulder located'so as to engage the same and prevent retraction of the bolt, a shield carried by said bolt and adapted to be so placed as to hold said detent in a position where it will not interfere With said shoulder upon retraction of the bolt, and a trip for, displacing said shield.

9. A combined door-lock and latch, including a sliding bolt having a beveled face whereby it may be retracted by striking the edge of a latch socket, a shoulder on said bolt, a detent beside said shoulder located so as to engage the same and prevent retraction of the bolt, a shield carried by the bolt and adapted to be so placed as to hold said detent in a position where it will not interfere with said shoulder upon retraction of the bolt, and a trip connected with said shield and projecting from the exposed end of the bolt, adapted to be pressed inward by contact with the socket edge for displacing said shield.

10. A combined lock and latch, comprising a bolt, a manually-actuated retractor therefor, a spring-actuated projector there-" for reacting against said manual retractor, a detent arranged to cooperate wlth a sho ulder on said bolt for preventing retraction thereof, and means rendered operative by said projector for displacing said detent.

11. A combined lock and latch, comprising a bolt, a manually-actuated retractor therefor, a spring-actuated projector therefor reacting against said manual retractor and movable thereby in a direction opposite to that in (which the bolt moves, a detent arranged to cooperate with a shoulder on said bolt for preventing retract-ion thereof, and means arranged to engageand displace said detent from the path of the cooperating shoulder, when said projector is moved by the retractor as the latter'retracts the bolt, to permit such retraction.

12. A combined lock and latch, comprising a bolt, a manually-actuated retractor therefor, a spring-actuated projector therefor reacting against said manual retractor and movable thereby in a direction opposite to that in which the bolt moves, a detent arranged to cooperate with a shoulder on said bolt for preventingretraction thereof, and a cam member carried by said projector located so as to engage and displace said detent from the path of the cooperating shoulder, when the projector is moved by the retractor, to permit retraction of the bolt thereby.

13. A combined lock and latch for doors, comprising a bolt, an outer knob shank, an inner knob shank adapted to be located in a plurality of positions, in one of which'it is connected with said outer shank, and being operatively engaged with said bolt in all positions, and a detent carried by the outer shank ment of the'bolt when theshanks are disconnected and to be rendered inoperative when shank arranged to they are connected together.

14. A combined'lock and latch for doors, comprising a bolt, an outer knob shank, an inner knob shank adapted to be located in a plurality of positions, in one of which it is connected with said outer shank, and being operatively engaged with said bolt in all positions, and a detent carried by the outer prevent turning of the same and inward movement of the bolt when the shanks are disconnected, said detent bemg made inoperative by the connection of I g the shank.

15. A combined lock and latch for doors, comprising a bolt having a shoulder, an outer knob shank, an inner knob shank adapted tobe located in a plurality of positions, in one of which it is connected with said outer shank, said bolt in all positions, a stationary abut ment, and a detent carried by the outershank arranged to engage said abutment and shoulder and thereby prevent both turning the outer shank and retraction of the bolt y direct pressure thereon, said detent being arranged so' as to be held out of the way of the abutment and shoulder when the shanks are connected together.

16. A door-lock and latch comprising an outer knobshank, a sliding bolt having a shoulder, a detent carried by said shank, means tending to hold said detent in posi tlon to be engaged by. said shoulder, pre venting inward movement of the bolt, and an inner-knob shank operatively engaged wlth the bolt so as, in being turned, to retract the same, and adapted to be connected with the outer shank so that it may be operated by the latter, said inner shank having provisions whereby to displace the detent rom its operative position, when connected with the outer shank.

17. A door-lock and latch comprising an outer knob shank, a sliding bolt having a shoulder, a detent carried by said shank, a stationary abutment beside the bolt, means tending to hold said detent in position to be engaged by said shoulder and to engage said abutment, preventin inward movement of the bolt and rotation of the shank, and an inner knob shank operatively en-.

arranged to prevent inward move-- and being operatively engaged with bolt.

in being turned, and adapted to be connected with the outer shank so that it may be operated by the latter, said inner shank having provisions whereby to displace the detent from its operative position, when connected with thewouter shank.

18. A door-lock and latch comprising an outerknob shank a sliding bolt having a shoulder, a'detent carried by said shank, a stationary abutment beside the bolt, means tending to hold said detent in position to be engaged by said shoulder and to engage said abutment, preventin inward movement of the bolt and rotation of the shank, and an inner knob shank operatively engaged with the bolt so as, in being 'turned, to retract the same, said inner shank being adapted to occupy a plurality of positions, in one of which it holds said detent clear of the abutment and shoulder and is connected with the outer shank'so that it may' be turned by rotation of the latter, whereby retraction of the bolt by turning the outer shank is permitted.

19. A door lock and latch comprising an outer knob shank, a sliding bolt having a shoulder, a detent carried by said shank, means tending to hold said detent in position to be engaged by'said shoulder, prel y venting inward movement of the bolt, an

inner knob shank operatively engaged with the bolt so as, in being turned, to retract the same, and being capable of occupying a position in which it is free from connection with the outer shank, and a key-operated device engageable with the inner shank when in this position, whereby the said" shank may be turned and the bolt retracted by a key from the outside.

20. door-lock and latch comprising a bolt having a shoulder, an outer shank car rying a knob or handle, a detent carried by saidshank and arranged to engage a fixed abutment to prevent turning .ofthe shank, and to engage said shoulder on the .bolt to prevent retraction thereof, and a key-operated element for from the bolt shoulder and retracting the 21. A door-lock and latch comprising a bolt having a shoulder, an outer shank carrying a knob or handle, a detent carried by said shank and arranged to engage a fixed abutment to prevent turning of the shank, and to engage said shoulder on the bolt to prevent retraction thereof, and a key-operated element contained in adapted to be moved inward by insertion of a key, and to disengage said detent from the bolt shoulder and retract the bolt when rotated by turning of the key.

22. A door-lock and latch comprising a bolt having a shoulder, an outer shank carrying a knob or handle, a detent carried by disengaging said detent said shank and move said member and retract the bolt.

23. A door-lock and latch comprising a bolt having a shoulder, an outer shank carrying a knob or handle, a detent carried by said shank and arranged to engage a fixed abutment to prevent turning of the shank, and to engage said shoulder on the bolt to prevent retraction thereof, a slide having a movement relatively to the bolt oppositely thereto, carrying a cam surface located so as to engage said detent and remove it from the path of the bolt shoulder, an interior member distinct from said shank, engaged with said slide and bolt, a key-operated element adapted to be brought into connection with'said member by a key and turned so as to actuate said member to move the bolt and slide oppositely, thereby releasing and retracting the bolt.

24. A door-lock and latch consisting of a single member adapted to serve both as a latch and as a bolt, a detent adapted to engage said member to prevent its retraction by force applied to its projecting end, means for-render ng said detent inoperative, and a device projecting from the projecting end single member adapted to serve both*as a 'latch and as a bolt and having a stop shoulof the member being mounted therein and having movement relatively thereto, for disabling said means and permitting said detent to become operative.

25. A door-lock and latch consisting of a single member adapted to serve both as a latch-and as a bolt, a detent adapted to engage said member to prevent its retraction by-force applied to its projecting end, means for rendering said detentinoperative, and a trigger projecting from within the end of sald member and movable inwardly to disable said means and permit said, detent to become operative, said member beingbeveled to cause such inward movement upon striking a door-jamb.

26. A door-lock and latch consisting of a single member adapted to serve both as a latch and as abolt and having a shoulder, a detent adapted to be located behind said shoulder so as to prevent retraction of said member by force applied to the outer end thereof, a ,shield carried bysaid bolt and arranged to slide thereon adapted to be placed so as to hold said detent out of the way of the shoulder, whereby the member may be retracted by external force, and a trigger for displacing said shield and permitting the detent to become operative, said trigger and scams bolt being each movable -independently;of

the other.

27. A door-lock and latch consisting of a single member adapted to serve both as a latch and as a bolt and having a stop shoulder, a manual actuator engaglng'said' member within the lock and operable to retract the same, a detent positionable so as tool)- struct said stop shoulder and prevent inward movement of the-member, means operated by said actuator for disabling said detent, whereby retraction of the member as a latch by external application of force is permitted, and a trip arranged to be struck by the door jamb and moved thereby inde-' pendently of the movementof the bolt in b the closing of 'thedoor for displacing said means and allowing the detent to returnto locking position after the next projection-of I I the member.

28. A door-lock and latch consisting of a singlemember adapted to serve both; as a latch and as a bolt and having a stopshoulder, a detent beside said member arranged to extend into the path of said shoulder and obstruct inward movement thereof, a shield mounted on said member so that it may slide longitudinally thereon, having a' wing arranged to occupy 'a position in which it engages said detent, holding the same out of the way'of said shoulder, and a osition in which it is clear of the detent, and a trigger or "trip device projecting from the lock and arranged to move said shield from'the first to the second position. i

29. A door-lock and latch c nsistingof a der, a detent besidesaid member arranged to extend into the path ofsaid shoulder and obstruct inward movement thereof, a shield having a wing arranged-to occupy a position in whlch it engages said detent, holding the same out of the way of said shoulder; and a 1 position in which it is clear of the detent, ,and a trigger or trip device projecting from the latch and bolt member'and'beyond the 'end of the same, so that it may strike a door jamb and be retracted as the door is closed, arranged to move's'aid shield from'the first to the second said position.

- 30. A door-lock and latch consisting of a sin le member adapted to serve both as a latc h and as a bolt and'having a stopv shoulder, a detent beside said member arranged to extend into the path of said shoulder and obstruct inward movement thereof, a shield having a wing arranged to occupy a position in which it engages said detent, holding the same out of the way of said shoulder, and a position in which it is clear of the detent, a manually-operated actuator for retracting said member, a device mounted on said member so as to be moved by said actuator in the retraction of the member, for displacing 1 of the door intersecting the said detent and moving said shield into the first-said position thereof, and a trigger or trip device'projectin from the lock and arranged to move sai shield from the first to the second position.

31. A door lock and latch consisting of a single member adapted to serve both as a latch and as a bolt mounted slidingly and arranged to be retracted upon striking a doorjamb in closing of the door, a spring for projecting said member, a trigger or trip device carried by Said member and projectin from the interior thereof, being arrange also to be retracted by similarly striking the door jamb, a detent, and meanscontrol-led by retraction of said trigger for causing said detent to obstruct the inward movement of the member.

32. A door-lock, comprising a cylindrical casing adapted to be set-transversely in the door, knob shanks therein, a second cylindrical casing adapted to be set into the edge first casing, and having a slot of which the edges lock with the inner end of one of said shanksto prevent removal of the latter, and a sliding bolt beveled on one side held in said second casing, with which one of said knob shanks 18 connected to operate the same, said oas- 1ngs being formed to fittogether so that,

when assembled, the knob shanks and bolt will be in correct relation, and the second casing beingr'eversible to permit assemblage of the parts with the beveled surface of the door, knob shanks bolt toward either side of the door.

33. A door-lock, comprising a cylindrical casing adapted to be set transversely in the therein, a second cylindrical casing adapted to be set into the edge of the door intersecting the first casing, asliding bolt contained in said second casing, having a beveled outer end, and constructed with provisions whereby it may be engaged and retracted by one of the shanks, a boltshoulders, detent rctractors and detent arresters made in pairs, and carried symmetricallyby said bolt, only locking detent, and stop one of'e'ach of said pairs being operative at one time, whereby the second casing and bolt may be reversed to turn the beveled face of the bolt toward either side of the door.

/ 34. A door lock comprising a bolt, inncr and outer knob shanks, a prong carried by said inner shank engaging said bolt at a point eccentric to the arms of said shank, and a longitudinally movable bar contained in said outer shank adapted to be pushed inward by a key into engagement with said prong and to be turned, whereby said prong is turned to retract the bolt.

35. A door-lock comprising a bolt, inner and outer knob shanks, a pair of prongs carried by said inner shank and engaging said bolt at points eccentric to the axis of said knob shank prongs, and to be turned when so engaged,

to retract the bolt.

36. A door-lock comprisinga bolt,an inner knob shank engaged with said bolt so that, in being turned, it may retract the bolt, an outer knob shank distinct from said inner shank, a bar longitudinally movable in said outer shank and adapted to be engaged at its inner end in 'rotation-transmitting connection with saidv inner ,shank when-pushed inward by insertion of a key in the outer shank, whereby such key may be enabled to rotate v the inner shank and actuate the bolt, a sleeve in which said bar is contained,

having longitudinal and transverse grooves,

and a pin on the side of the bararranged to traverse said slots and prevent rotation of the bar until the pin comes opposite a transverse slot, whereby the lock can be operated only by a key of the proper length.

37 A door-lock comprising a bolt, an inner knob shank engaged with said bolt so that, in being turned, it may retract the bolt, an outer knob shank distinct from said inner shank, a bar longitudinally movable in said outer shank and adapted to be engaged at its inner end in rotation-transmitting connection with said inner shank when pushed inward by insertion of a key in the ,outer shank, whereby such key may be enabled to rotate the inner shank and actuate the bolt, a sleeve in which said bar is located, a see 0nd bar in said sleeve associated with the first bar so that neither can be turned without turning the other, said sleeve having longitudinal and transverse grooves, and pins on said bars contained in said grooves, the bars being engaged by different distances until the pins are opposite the proper respective transverse grooves.

38. A door-lock comprising a bolt, an inner engaged with said bolt so that, in being turned, it may retract the bolt, an outer knob shank distinct fromsaid inner shank, longitudinally and rotarily movable bars contained side by side in said outer shank and engaged together so as to be rotatable only in unison, one of said bars being formed to make connection when moved inward, with said, inner shank, pins carried by said bars arranged to traverse different longitudinal and transverse grooves in the element surrounding the bars, and a key having shoulders to engage and move certain of said bars various distances inward until the pins are opposite the several proper transverse grooves.

slots and pins bein 39. In connection with a door-lock having a bolt, an outer shank, and an inner shank distinct from said outer shank and engaged with said bolt so as to be capable of retractin the same, a sleeve set into said outer shank, ongitudinally and rotarily movable bars contained in said sleeve fitting each other and the sleeve so that they can rotate only in unison and one of them having provisions for' making rotation-transmitting connection with sa1d inner shank, longitudinal and transverse slots in the sleeve, pins projecting from the sides of said bars, one into each longitudinal slot to prevent rotation of the bars, and a key havin shoulders to engage certain of the bars an move them longitudinally until their pins are opposite the proper transverse slots, said variously positioned for the several bars an the shoulders on the key correspondingly arranged, whereby operation of the look by any but the proper key ried at the end of said shank and spring- 7 pressed outward so as to enter a notch in said casing, to prevent rotation of the shank, and an inner knob shank engaged eccen: trically with said bolt so as to retract the same, said shank being placeable ina plurality of positions, in one of which it holds said detent out of the casing notch and is engaged with said outer shank in such amanner that it may be turned by the outer shank to operate the bolt.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

WILFORD A. HILL.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR H. BROWN, P. W. PEzzE'rrI. 

